Maxillary sinus lift with intraoral autologous bone and B – Tricalcium Phosphate: Histological and histomorphometric clinical study

Introduction: Rehabilitation with implants in the upper maxilla often implies a challenge due to the shortage and quality of the remaining bone. Different kinds of grafts have been described in an endeavour to solve these problems. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the osteoconduction potential of an autogenous bone and B-Tricalcium Phosphate mixture, in the treatment of atrophic upper maxillae. Materials and Methods: 22 patients were treated using the “sinus lift” technique. All patients had residual bone equal to or greater than 5 mm, the sinus was lifted, bone grafted and implants installed during the same surgical procedure (autologous bone and BTricalcium Phospahate). During the implant exposure after the osseointegration period, samples of regenerated bone were taken using a trephine from 5 patients. Paraffin-embedded sections were analysed the structure and tissues percentages. Data were estimated statistically. Results: Clinical results showed integration of the 42 fixtures installed. Histological analysis showed good integration of the B-Tricalcium Phosphate in the newly formed bone likewise absence of inflammation. Histomorphometric analysis showed a mean bone proportion of 30.7% (range 22.8% – 50.6%). Conclusions: Results suggest the osteoconductive material B-Tricalcium Phosphate associated with autologous bone obtained through filtration is an appropriate graft for implant treatment of atrophic maxillae, in combination with the sinus lift procedure.